Prehistoric / Archaelogical Periods

Prehistoric / Archaeological Periods The Stone Age Archaeologists and historians place the Stone Age as that period of human development when most of the tools used by human beings were made from stone. The evidence available to us currently shows that while the this phase of early human development took place in different parts of the globe, the dates for the Stone Age was different for different parts of the world. It varies depending on the dates assigned to stone implements discovered in a region. As a consequence, dates for the Stone Age have changed with every discovery and the development of dating methods. There is evidence of stone implements having been used in Africa as early as 2.5 million years ago, 1.8 million years ago in Asia, and a million years ago in Europe. Therefore, current theory places the earliest development of human beings in Africa.  The Stone Age in an area ends with evidence of the earliest known metal implements, and generally ends between 6,000 and 4,000 BCE. The Stone Age is further divided into: • Palaeolithic Age (Old Stone Age - 2.5 million to 15,000 years ago - a time period that spans 95% of human history): the age in which stone tools were chipped or flaked. (see the page on Anghilak cave, Uzbekistan) • Mesolithic Age (Middle Stone Age, also called the Epipaleolithic Age - 15,000 to 10,000 years ago): the age in which microliths, small, geometric-shaped stone artefacts were attached to wood, antler, or bone to form implements such as arrows, spears, or scythes. • Neolithic Age (New Stone Age - 10,000 to 6,000-4,000 years ago): the age in which ground and polished stone axes became prevalent. Ice Age During the Stone Age of human development, the earth also experienced an Ice Age. .The Ice Ages began 2.4 million years ago and lasted until 11,500 years ago. During this time, the earth’s climate repeatedly changed between very cold periods, during which glaciers covered large parts of the world, and very warm periods during which many of the glaciers melted.  The last ice age was 300 years ago.

Metal Age

The Metal Age starts when human beings began to use metal to make tools. For archaeologists, the transition from the stone to the metal age occurs when these metal tools appear alongside stone tools. The type of metal used initially was probably influenced by the surface availability of the metal in natural form, and appears to have been either gold or copper, both being softer, lower melting point metals. A lower melting point was probably critical since the development of metallurgy closely paralleled the ability to produce hotter fires as well as the development of containers to hold and cast the melted metal. The use of gold may even have started with the mechanical shaping of the metal, first in cold form, then heated and softened, and finally melted and cast.

Golden Age

Aryan and Saka legends place the use of gold before the use of copper - possibly a few thousand years earlier. Gold was the more readily available metal in Central Asia. The legends of Ferdowsi state that gold was used in ancient times to make surgical knives used to perform Caesarean operations.

Most of the ancient gold artefacts were plundered, smelted and reused. The unearthing of gold artefacts that predated copper tools, requires finding sites that were hidden or otherwise inaccessible to robbers. We will have to await archaeological evidence to support the legendary evidence that the use of gold preceded the use of copper.

Copper (Chalcolithic, Eneolithic or Æneolithic) Age

The Copper Age in Central Asia and the rest of the Aryan lands is currently said to begin in the late 5th millennium BCE and lasted for about a millennium (4,300-3,200 BCE) leading in to the Early Bronze Age. Transition from the European Copper Age to the Bronze Age occurs about a millennium later - between the late 4th and the late 3rd millennia BCE.

The use of copper required the development of metallurgy - the science of extracting metal from metal ores - and casting the molten metal in castings.

Bronze Age

Bronze is an alloy of copper and tin that is more hard than either pure copper or tin. In addition, bronze has a lower melting point than copper or tin making it easier to form into finished shapes by moulding, casting, or machining. While a harder metal, bronze still did not break easily under stress and was corrosion resistant. Bronze was better suited for weapons and tools than either copper or tin.

The manufacture of bronze required the development of alloy-making technology.

Current reports suggest that the Bronze Age in Central Asia extended from about 3,300 to 1,300 BCE.

Iron Age

With the ability to create higher smelting temperatures came the ability to extract and work with iron, a metal that was in earlier ages considered more precious than gold. Simple iron mixed with some residual slag (the residue when iron is extracted from its ore) is called wrought iron - the earliest form of iron. Wrought iron is weaker than bronze, but because iron was more readily available than copper or tin, wrought iron was less complicated to manufacture than bronze. It was also more easily sharpened than bronze.

Wrought iron was eventually replaced by steel - iron with between 0.02% and 1.7% of carbon. Steel weapons and tools were about the same weight as those of bronze, but stronger.

The Iron Age in Central Asia is estimated to have extended from about 1,300 to 900 BCE.

Categories of Time

The broad categories of time are:

Cosmological Period

The Cosmological Period consists of time periods in the origin and evolution of the universe. According to current scientific theory the Cosmological Period begins with the Big Bang 13.7 billion years ago and ends with the formation of the earth 4.5 billion years ago.

Geological Period

The Geological period consists of time periods in the origin and evolution of earth. The earth is about 4.5 billion years old. The time from the origin of the earth to the present is divided into super eons, eons, eras and periods.

The Precambrian period is a super eon that is sub-divided into three eons:
• the Hadean Eon (4.5 to 3.8 billion years before present),
• the Archean Eon (3.8 to 2.5 billion years before present),, and
• the Proterozoic Eon (2.5 billion to 570 million years before present)

millions of years The Precambrian Period

millions of years The latest or Phanerozoic Eon (570 million years before present to the present)

millions of years Subdivisions of the Cenozoic Era (65 million years before present to the present)

Prehistoric (Archaeological) & Historic Periods

The Prehistoric Period consists of time periods in the origin and evolution of humankind from about 2.5 million years to about 900 BCE. the Prehistoric Period is divided into the Archaeological Periods of the Stone, Bronze and Iron Ages.

The Historic Period records the activities of humankind from about 900 BCE or from that time when records are available or can re reconstructed. The Historic Period overlaps with the Prehistoric Periods such as the Iron Age when it is possible to reconstruct timelines of a people's history

prehistoric ancient civilization?

The evidence is overwhelming, temporal anomalies are scattered throughout the world ... things that could not possibly belong to the time period in which they were found. Evidence exists of human civilization, artifacts and technology out of time that are abundant, well researched and well documented.

The truth is out there showing proof of advanced technology and people millions of years before humanity is supposed to have evolved on the planet.

When or where, were advanced civilization visiting our past thousands or millions of years before man appeared on this earth?

Growing evidence showing proof of modern humans and technology in distant past.

Cenozoic Era Proof

Is the last of the five major eras of geologic time, beginning about 65 millions of years ago and extending until present time. 

The accepted scientific vie of evolution shows humans appearing on the earth about 1.6 million years ago and human civilization just 10,000 years ago.  Yet the scientific finds presented below tell a complete different story.

Pleistocene Epoch Finds

Copper Coin from Illinois, that have been aged between 200,000 and 400,000 years old. Man had not yet evolved.

Modern Human Skeleton from Tanzania

Olduvai Gorge found a modern human skeleton.  The complete human skeletal remains was cement into the rocks and dated more than 1,000,000

Willendorf  Venus Statue

The statue is dated 30,000.  Sculpted from oolitic limestone, and is one of three such figurines unearthed at Paleolithic archeological sites at Willendorf in Austria

Modern Human Skull IN Beunos Aires

In 1896, workers excavating a dry dock in Buenos Aires found a modern human skull. The Pre-Ensenadan stratum in which the Buenos Aires skull was found is a least 1.0 - 1.5 million years old.

Pliocene Epoch finds

Figurines from Mampa, Idaho

The figurine came from a 300 foot level of a well boring and is about 2 million years old.

 "The image is about an inch and a half long; and remarkable for the perfection with which it represents the human form... It was a female figure, and had the lifelike lineaments in the parts which were finished that would do credit to the classic centers of art."

Modern Human Skull in Italy

This modern human skull was find the low hill, the Colle de Vento.  The skull is aged 3-4 million years old. 

Carved Shell from the Reg Crag, England

The carved shell was found in the stratified deposits of the Reg Crag, it has been aged as much as 2.5 million years ago

Eocene Epoch Finds

 

Chalk Ball near Laon, France

The chalk ball was discoved in an Early Eocene lignite bed.  It has been aged about 45-55million years ago

Mortar and Pestle in California 

The mortar measures approximately 10.5 inches wide and 5.75 inches high. The age is approximately 50 million years old.

Sling Stone from Bramford, EnglandThe sling stone is from the detritus bed beneath the Red Crag at Bramford, England is aged at least 5 millions years and could be aged as far back as 50 million years.

 Mesozoic Era Proof

The Mesozoic Era is one of the major divisions of geological history, following the Paleozoic era and preceding the Cenozoic era.  The Mesozoic era, which lasted from approximately 240 million to 65 million years ago, may be characterized as the Age of Reptiles because their greatest development occurred during this era. The first birds and mammals and the first flowering plants also appeared at this time. The Mesozoic era is divided into three time periods: the Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous.

 

Cretaceous Period 

Metallic Tube at Saint-Jean de Livet, France

The chalk bed, exposed in a quarry at Saint-Jean de Livet, France, is estimated to be least 65 million years old.

Triassic Period 

 

Shoe Sole from Nevada

Dated at 213 - 248 million years ago.  On October 8, 1922, the American Weekly section of the New York Sunday American ran a prominent feature titled "Mystery of the Petrified ’Shoe Sole," by Dr. W. H. Ballou.

Paleozoic Era Proof

The Paleozoic Era is a major division of geological time, preceded by Precambrian time and followed by the Mesozoic era, and including the Cambrian, Ordovician, Silurian, Devonian, Carboniferous, and Permian periods. The Paleozoic Era began about 570 million years ago and ended about 240 million years ago.

Carboniferous Period

Gold Thread in England
Dr. A. W. Medd of the British Geological Survey wrote in 1985 that this stone is of Early Carboniferous age between 320 and 360 million years old.

Gold Chain from Morrisonville, Illinois
The Illinois State Geological Survey has said the coal in which the gold chain was found is 260 - 320 million years old. This raises the possibility that culturally advanced human beings were present or visiting in North America during that time.

Carved Stone near Webster, Iowa
The April 2,1897 edition of the Daily News of Omaha, Nebraska, carried an article titled "Carved Stone Buried in a Mine," which described an object from a mine near Webster City, Iowa.

Iron Cup from Oklahoma Coal Mine
According to Robert O. Fay of the Oklahoma Geological Survey, the Wilburton mine coal is about 312 million years old.

 

Block Wall in an Oklahoma Mine
The coal in the mine was Carboniferous, which would mean the wall was at least 286 million years old. According to Mathis, the mining company officers immediately pulled the men out of the mine and forbade them to speak about what they had seen. Mathis said the Wilburton miners also told of finding "a solid block of silver in the shape of a barrel... with the prints of the staves on it," in an area of coal dating between 280 and 320 million years ago.

Hieroglyphics in Ohio Coal Mine
It is reported that James Parsons, and his two sons, exhumed a slate wall in a coal mine at Hammondville, Ohio, in 1868. It was a large smooth wall, disclosed when a great mass of coal fell away from it, and on its surface, carved in bold relief, were several lines of hieroglyphics.

 

Devonian Period

Nail in Devonian Sandstone
In 1844, Sir David Brewster reported that a nail had been discovered firmly embedded in a block of sandstone from the Kingoodie (Mylnfield) Quarry in North Britain. 

Dr. A. W. Medd of the British Geological Survey recently indicated that this sandstone is of "Lower Old Red Sandstone age" (Devonian, between 360 and 408 million years old). 

Cambrian Period

Shoe Print in Utah Shale
In 1968, William J. Meister, a draftsman and amateur trilobite collector, reported finding a shoe print in the Wheeler Shale near Antelope Spring, Utah.

This shoe-like indentation and its cast were revealed when Meister split open a block of shale.

Clearly visible within the imprint were the remains of trilobites, extinct marine arthropods. The shale holding the print and the trilobite fossils is from the Cambrian, and would thus be 505 to 590 million years old.

Pre-Cambrian Period

Metallic Vase from Pre-Cambrian Rock
According to a recent U.S. Geological Survey map of the Boston-Dorchester area, the pudding stone, now called the Roxbury conglomerate, is of Precambrian age, over 600 million years old. By standard accounts, life was just beginning to form on this planet during the Precambrian.

But in the Dorchester vessel we have evidence indicating the presence of artistic metal workers in North America over 600 million years before Leif Erikson. At this time in our planets history the was no life on land, plant or animal. The most advance life-form at this barren time in our planets history was simple algae floating in the seas. Yet somehow through time this beautiful work or art was brought and left behind and eventually buried and preserved in ancient rock.

Grooved Sphere from South Africa
Over the past several decades, South African miners have found hundreds of metallic spheres, at least one of which has three parallel grooves running around its equator.

The spheres are of two types

"one of solid bluish metal with white flecks, and another which is a hollow ball filled with a white spongy center."

Roelf Marx, curator of the museum of Klerksdorp, South Africa, where some of the spheres are housed, said:

"The spheres are a complete mystery. They look man-made, yet at the time in Earth’s history when they came to rest in this rock no intelligent life existed. The globes are found in pyrophyllite, which is mined near the little town of Ottosdal in the Western Transvaal. This pyrophyllite is a quite soft secondary mineral with a count of only 3 on the Mohs’ scale and was formed by sedimentation about 2.8 billion years ago. On the other hand the globes are very hard and cannot be scratched, even by steel."

The sphere with the three parallel grooves around it are too perfect to be anything but man made. The Precambrian mineral deposit where the globes are found is dated to be at least 2.8 billion years old. At this time simple microscopic cells were all that was alive on the earth.

But this is obviously not true.

Other Finds
 

Artifacts From AIX En Provence, France
In his book Mineralogy, Count Bournon recorded an intriguing discovery that had been made by French workmen in the latter part of the eighteenth century.

Bournon wrote:

"During the years 1786, 1787, and 1788, they were occupied near AIX en Provence, in France, in quarrying stone for the rebuilding , upon a vast scale, of the Palace of Justice. The stone was a limestone of deep grey, and of that kind which are tender when they come out of the quarry, but harden by exposure to the air.

The strata were separated from one another by a bed of sand mixed with clay, more or less calcareous. The first which were wrought presented no appearance of any foreign bodies, but, after the workmen had removed the ten first beds, they were astonished, when taking away the eleventh, to find its inferior surface, at the depth of forty or fifty feet, covered with shells.

The stone of this bed having been removed, as they were taking away a stratum of argillaceous sand, which separated the eleventh bed from the twelfth, they found stumps of columns and fragments of stone half wrought, and the stone was exactly similar to that of the quarry: they found moreover coins, handles of hammers, and other tools or fragments of tools in wood.

But that which principally commanded their attention, was a board about one inch thick and seven or eight feet long; it was broken into many pieces, of which none were missing, and it was possible to join them again one to another, and to restore to the board or plate its original form, which was that of the boards of the same kind used by the masons and quarry men: it was worn in the same manner, rounded and waving upon the edges."

Count Bournon, continuing his description, stated:

"The stones which were completely or partly wrought, had not at all changed in their nature, but the fragments of the board, and the instruments, and pieces of instruments of wood, had been changed into agate, which was very fine and agreeably colored. Here then, we have the traces of a work executed by the hand of man, placed at a depth of fifty feet, and covered with eleven beds of compact limestone: everything tended to prove that this work had been executed upon the spot where the traces existed.

 

Letter-like Shapes in Marble, Philadelphia
In 1830, letter-like shapes were discovered within a solid block of marble from a quarry 12 miles northwest of Philadelphia. The marble block was taken from a depth of 60-70 feet.

This was reported in the American Journal of Science (vol. 19, 1831, p. 361). The quarry workers removed layers of gneiss, mica slate, hornblende, talcose slate, and primitive clay slate before coming to the layer from which the block containing the letter-like shapes were cut.

While they were sawing through the block, the workmen happened to notice a rectangular indentation, about 1.5 inches wide by .625 inches high, displaying two raised characters.

Several respectable gentlemen from nearby Norristown, Pennsylvania, were called to the scene and inspected the object. It is hard to explain the formation of the characters as products of natural physical processes.